![]() ![]() In the mid-1950s Bell Labs focused its transistor-development efforts around new diffusion technologies, in which very narrow semiconductor layers-with thicknesses measured in microns, or millionths of a metre-are prepared by diffusing impurity atoms into the semiconductor surface from a hot gas. In 1954 Texas Instruments produced the first commercially available silicon junction transistors and quickly dominated this new market-especially for military applications, in which their high cost was of little concern. Silicon transistors have far less leakage. Germanium transistors make leaky switches substantial leakage currents can flow when these devices are supposedly in their off state. Because of its higher melting temperature and greater reactivity, silicon was much more difficult to work with than germanium, but it offered major prospects for better performance, especially in switching applications. May transistors bundled together form an integrated circuit.ĭuring the 1950s, meanwhile, scientists and engineers at Bell Labs and Texas Instruments were developing advanced technologies needed to produce silicon transistors. The input signal can be changed by varying its voltage. ![]() This is typically done with a separate input signal that controls the flow of electricity through the transistor. It is used to amplify and divert electrical currents in electronic devices. ![]() A transistor is a device with an intermediate or variable electrical conductivity. ![]()
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